![]() ![]() In the experimental phase, participants were shown only the cues. In the training phase, participants memorized cue-target word pairs, so they could accurately recall each target when presented with its cue. Recently, a modification of the go/no-go paradigm, aptly named the think/no-think paradigm, was designed to examine whether similar suppressive mechanisms can operate on memory representations ( Anderson & Green, 2001). ![]() Many populations with deficits in cognitive control, such as individuals with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder ( Vaidya et al., 1998) and frontal lobe damage ( Drewe, 1975), exhibit an impaired ability to suppress responding in the no-go condition. In this task, individuals respond, or “go,” to certain frequently occurring stimuli and withhold response to other, rare stimuli (“no go”). Traditionally, suppressive mechanisms of cognitive control have been studied in the motor domain using the go/no-go task. A less understood aspect of cognitive control that has been implicated as being dysfunctional in clinical disorders is the control mechanism used to suppress unwanted memories. Research suggests that cognitive control mechanisms, such as top-down attention, can facilitate and enhance memory for certain information ( Behrmann & Tipper, 1999 Kastner & Ungerleider, 2000). Cognitive control allows for the top-down selection and manipulation of task-relevant information. ![]()
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